Method of producing compounds of formaldehyde with sugars.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD LAUOH AND FRITZ QUADE, OF BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNORS.TO JOHANN ABRAHAM VON WULFING, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

METHOD OF PRODUCIN G COMPOUNDS 0F FORMALDEHYDE WITH SUGARZS.

No Drawinjg.

To all whom it may concern Be'it known that ,we, RICHARD LAiJCi-I, doctor of philosophy, and Fnrrz QUADE, doctor of chemistry, both citizens of the Empire of Germany, and residing at Berlin, in the Empire ofxGermany, have inventscribed in the U. S. Patent No. 849,815.

By the said process a compound containing one molecule of milk' sugar and five molecules of formaldehyde is obtained:

, Our invent-lon consists in processes of producing compounds containing one molecule of carbohydrate (milk sugar, cane sugar,-

maltose) and a whole number less than five of molecules of formaldehyde.

vention.

We will now proceed to describe ourin- In the'British'Patent No. 6,653 of 1897 it has already been stated, it is true, that .a combination is formed. when one molecule of milk sugar is brought into aqueous SOllltlOIl with one molecule of formaldehyde and the excess of water is expelled at temperatures below centigrade (compare page 3, line 46 of the specification). How ver, experiments have proved it to be unposslble to obtain a solid compound at this temperature.

The mixture was kept each time for nine hours in vacuo at 50 centigrade and 1t nevertheless remained permanently a tough because they assumed that this compound decomposes at temperatures over 50 centigrade.

We have now observed, that at temperatures up to centigrade the compound of one molecule 'biose and one molecule formaldehydecan be obtained in the solid state without experiencing a decomposition. If,

however, it is de'sired to attain the proper molecular proportion the mixture must be made with an excess of formaldehyde.

We have ascertained that the compound is soluble in alcohol, but with much greater Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed Februaly 28, 1912. Serial No. 680,526.

Patented Mar. 11, 1913.

. J ditliculty than the old compound having the proportion 1:5. If 5 grams of the solid compound are treated for half an hour in the agitating machine with 100 grams of absolute alcohol. 1.1grams' of the compound are dissolved. Ne have further discovered that milk sugar combines with formaldeehyde in the proportion of 1:2, 12-3, 1:4, but that the firmness of the combination decreases with theincreasing percenta e of formaldehyde, and the solubility of a cohol increases. Thus of 5 grains of the combination 1:2 was dissolved by shaking in 100 grams of absolute alcohol 2.1 grams in half an hour, of the combination 1:3 under the same conditions 3 grams, and taking 7 grams of the combination 1:4urider the same conditions 5.7 grams were dissolved. For physiological purposes the compounds with a greater amount of formaldehyde will doubtless be more eflicient in the organism (on account of their more easy dissociation) whenever it is a question of a rapid decomposition, and those with less formaldeh de when it is desired to,obtain a moregra ual dissociation, for, instance ill the case of external" disinfection. The decreasing tendency to combination of the milk sugar with the formaldehyde corres onds to the calculated loss of formaldehy e er unit of milk sugar in the preparation 0 the compound. For the preparation ofthe compound 1:1 itis only necessary to make use of a very small excess of formaldehyde. For the compound ].:2 the operation takes-apiece with about one molecule (H 0 more than calculated. If the compound 1 :3 is required,

then something more than founmolecules of milk sugar. and for the compound 1:4 two molecules in'exces's. If the preparations are made according to the gravity proportions which lie between the above named limits, then thr -e will result as the solubility tests in alcohol have'shown, mixtures of the above named compounds. Losses of formaldehyde which vary according to the nature and capacity of the drying apparatus may be avoided up to a certain degree and the same compounds I obtained if the milksugar without being previouslydissolved is gradually brought intocontact with careful mtermingling with the high percentage formaldehyde solution of commerce and the homogeneous mixture 11 formaldehyde must be taken per-molecule y is dried cacao at a temperature of about 70 centigrade' Vh'en formalin solution 18 mixed with a great excess of sugar and the water present 1s then evaporated, a portion of the sugar remains insoluble in alcohol, which shows that there is no combination, Another part is soluble in alcohol, and in the alcoholic-extract there are found sugar I and formaldehyde in the proportionef 1: 1.

. precipitate from the alcoholic solution by means of other organic solvents, especially ether and acetic ester, flocculent or crystalline masses which fairly resemble in their formaldehyde content the original products and moreover the' more nearly the more slowly up. In the case of the bodylrl it is even possible to obtain back directly from the hot alcohol on cooling a product which shows the aforesaid "formaldehyde content of the original product.; This product, which is always very difficult-1y soluble separates out readily as a white mass from the syrup still containing 10% of Water on standing for several days.

considerably. higher content of formaldehyde than the proportion 1;:5 are not clearly soluble in alcohol; A residue remains behind which when purified on the centrifugal proves to be paraformaldehyde. Corresponding combinations were-also obtained with other bioses such as cane sugar-and I maltose. v I The aforesaid. preperations are intended for applicat-ionto therapeutic purposes.

I suga'r.)For the preparationozfthe compounds one molecule of milk sugaris dissolved in as little .hot. water (100 centigrade), as possible and'to the hot solution the formaldehydesolution ofcommer'cefiioito 40%) is added in the following proportionfor the preparation of .the 1:1 com ound 1.1 molecule, foruthe preparation 6 the 11-2 c'ompound-QB-xholecules-,for the 1:3 compound. 4.2 molecules, for the 1:4 compound 6 molecules.

The solution is dried .eacuo @570 water free Centigrade and after cooling in a space it is pulverized. The resulting powder is white and its solution in water I is transparentand clear.

As the result of the operation described above is dependent on the rapidity of the I evaporation, the T'apparatus, etc., the given quantities of the formaldehyde excess -'are variable; for instance, if the operation be conducted quickly by aid of a large'vacuum the original product has been split Products.- which possess a- 'pump,the loss of formaldehyde is relatively small, while with a less efficient exhaust'er and slower drying moreformaldehyde is given ofi; but in any event the uniformity' of the decreasing tendency to a combination of the milk sugar is perceptibleinthe described sense.

In the laststage of the process combinations are already formed, when working on --the industrial scale in order to hastenthe drying, the svrup can be mixed in the mixing machine with indifferent media such as talc, magnesia, etc., also in a known manner with milk sugar and the last traces of water can be removed by drying in the.

open air at,70 centigrade.

The finished productscan be compounded with sugar, malt extract or the like into tablets, or with ointment ingredients free from water into ointment, or with starch, talc or the like .into pufi powders and powders "for sprinkling and so forth.

E sample I I (Cane sugar,)-Cane sugar can be combined with formaldehyde in a manner similar to milk sugar as described in ExampleI. The resulting powders are also White and the aqueoussolutions-of all products are transparent and. clear. We may mention, that the compound 1:1 forms a weakly hydroscopic powder, of which 2.3 grams are alcohol by shaking for half an hour.

Example H I (MaZt0se.)-For forming compounds from maltose and formaldehyde similar rulesto those given" in Example I may be adhered to.)v For instance'the compound 1:41 is produced by dissolvingone molecule'jof. maltose in aslittle hot water dissolved in 100 grams of absolute when the.

( centigrade) as. possible and to the hot solution o molecules of the. formaldehyde solution of commerce (35 (to-40%)"jare added. The solution is thendried in oacuo at-7 0 centigrade and after cooling in a water free 'fspac'e it is powdered." The white powd scopici At the room temperature 3.4 parts of this powder are dissolved in 100 parts of absolute alcohol in the "agitating machine after half an hour. Y I

The aqueous solutions of all products are also transparent-and clean Iv We claim:

1. The process of producinga compound so obtained is pretty "strongly hydro-' his containing one molecule of biose and a whole number less than 5 molecules of formaldehyde,'whichpro cess consists in dissolving the biose in the smallest possible quantity 0 hot water, adding formaldehyde solution ofcom mer'ce in a quantity not more than 1' and 7% times in excess of the iormaldehyde in the final. product, and drying the-solution in,

'uaodo at 70 C. 2. The process of producing a compound containing one molecule of biose and a Whole number less than 5 moleculesof formaldehyde, which process consists in dissolving the biose in the smallest ossible quantity of hot water, adding forma dehvde solution of commerce in a quantity not more than 1 and 9 times in excess of the formaldehyde in the final product, drying, the solution in v cacao at 70' C., cooling the dried mass and powdering it.

3. A new compound, containing one molecule of biQse and a whole number less than 4 molecules of formaldehyde, said com ound being a white crystalline powder without sharp smell in dry state and being soluble without any color in water and in alcohol, while being rapidly split up in water and 15 slowly in alcohol.

RICHARD LAUGH. i FRITZ QUADE; '"W'itnesses for the said Richard Lauch: HENRY HASPER,

WOLDEMAR HAUPT. Witnesses for the said Fritz Go'rrrnmn Nmmnoonrr, KONRAD BROHM.

Quade 

